Enhancement of Squeezing and Entanglement in a Non-Degenerate Three-Level Cascade Laser with Coherently Driven Cavity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/ujpe63.8.733Abstract
We study a nondegenerate three-level cascade laser coupled to a two-mode vacuum reservoir, by employing the stochastic differential equations associated with the normal ordering. The amplification of the properties of squeezing and entanglement of the cavity light is investigated. We have found that there is an entanglement between the states of the light generated in the cavity, due to the strong correlation of the light emitted, when the atom decays from the top level to the bottom level via the intermediate one. We have also obtained that the two cavity modes are strongly entangled, and the degree of entanglement is directly related to the two-mode squeezing.
References
<li>J.M. Liu, B.S. Shi, X.F. Fan, J.Li, G.C. Guo. Wigner function description of continuous variable entanglement swapping. J. Opt. B: Quant. Semiclass. Opt. 3, 189 (2001).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1464-4266/3/4/301">https://doi.org/10.1088/1464-4266/3/4/301</a>
</li>
<li>S.L. Braunstein, H.J. Kimble. Dense coding for continuous variables. Phys. Rev. A 61, 42302 (2000).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.61.042302">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.61.042302</a>
</li>
<li>S. Lloyd, S.L. Braunstein. Quantum computation over continuous variables. Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 1784 (1999).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.1784">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.1784</a>
</li>
<li>S. L Braunstein. Quantum error correction for communication with linear optics. Nature 394, 47 (1998).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/27850">https://doi.org/10.1038/27850</a>
</li>
<li>T.C. Ralph. Continuous variable quantum cryptography. Phys. Rev. A 61, 010302 (2000).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.62.062306">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.62.062306</a>
</li>
<li>M.O. Scully, K. Wodkiewicz, M.S. Zubairy, J. Bergou, N. Lu, J. Meyer ter Vehn. Two-photon correlated-spontaneous-emission laser: Quantum noise quenching and squeezing Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 1832 (1988).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.60.1832">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.60.1832</a>
</li>
<li>K. Fesseha. Three-level laser dynamics with squeezed light. Phys. Rev. A 63, 033811 (2001).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.63.033811">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.63.033811</a>
</li>
<li>N. Lu, F.X. Zhao, J. Bergou. Nonlinear theory of a two-photon correlated-spontaneous-emission laser: A coherently pumped two-level-two-photon laser. Phys. Rev. A 39, 5189 (1989).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.39.5189">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.39.5189</a>
</li>
<li>N. Lu, S.Y. Zhu. Quantum theory of two-photon correlated-spontaneous-emission lasers: Exact atom-field interaction Hamiltonian approach. Phys. Rev. A 40, 5735 (1989).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.40.5735">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.40.5735</a>
</li>
<li> C.A. Blockley, D.F. Walls. Intensity fluctuations in a frequency down-conversion process with three-level atoms Phys. Rev. A 43, 5049 (1991).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.43.5049">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.43.5049</a>
</li>
<li> N.A. Ansari, J. Gea-Banacloche, M.S. Zubairy. Phase-sensitive amplification in a three-level atomic system. Phys. Rev. A 41, 5179 (1990).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.41.5179">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.41.5179</a>
</li>
<li> N.A. Ansari. Effect of atomic coherence on the second-and higher-order squeezing in a two-photon three-level cascade atomic system. Phys. Rev. A 48, 4686 (1993).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.48.4686">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.48.4686</a>
</li>
<li> J. Anwar, M.S. Zubairy. Quantum-statistical properties of noise in a phase-sensitive linear amplifier. Phys. Rev. A 49, 481 (1994).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.49.481">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.49.481</a>
</li>
<li> N.A. Ansari. Theory of a two-mode phase-sensitive amplifier. Phys. Rev. A 46, 1560 (1992).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.46.1560">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.46.1560</a>
</li>
<li> H. Xiong, M.O. Scully, M.S. Zubairy. Correlated spontaneous emission laser as an entanglement amplifier. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 023601 (2005).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.023601">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.023601</a>
</li>
<li> C.M. Caves, B.L. Schumaker. New formalism for two-photon quantum optics. I. Quadrature phases and squeezed states. Phys. Rev. A 31, 3068 (1985).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.31.3068">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.31.3068</a>
</li>
<li> C.J. Villas-Boas, M.H.Y. Moussa. One-step generation of high-quality squeezed and EPR states in cavity QED. Eur. Phys. J. D 32, 147 (2005).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2004-00178-y">https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2004-00178-y</a>
</li>
<li> A. Einstein, B. Podolsky, R. Rosen. Can quantum-mechanical description of physical reality be considered complete? Phys. Rev. 47, 777 (1935).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.47.777">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.47.777</a>
</li>
<li> L.M. Duan, G. Giedke, J.I. Cirac, P. Zoller. Inseparability criterion for continuous variable systems. Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 2722 (2000).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.2722">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.2722</a>
</li>
<li> S. Tesfa. Entanglement amplification in a nondegenerate three-level cascade laser. Phys. Rev. A 74, 043816 (2006).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.74.043816">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.74.043816</a>
</li>
<li> M.O. Scully, M.S. Zubairy. Quantum Optics (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1997).
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511813993">https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511813993</a></li>
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright Agreement
License to Publish the Paper
Kyiv, Ukraine
The corresponding author and the co-authors (hereon referred to as the Author(s)) of the paper being submitted to the Ukrainian Journal of Physics (hereon referred to as the Paper) from one side and the Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, represented by its Director (hereon referred to as the Publisher) from the other side have come to the following Agreement:
1. Subject of the Agreement.
The Author(s) grant(s) the Publisher the free non-exclusive right to use the Paper (of scientific, technical, or any other content) according to the terms and conditions defined by this Agreement.
2. The ways of using the Paper.
2.1. The Author(s) grant(s) the Publisher the right to use the Paper as follows.
2.1.1. To publish the Paper in the Ukrainian Journal of Physics (hereon referred to as the Journal) in original language and translated into English (the copy of the Paper approved by the Author(s) and the Publisher and accepted for publication is a constitutive part of this License Agreement).
2.1.2. To edit, adapt, and correct the Paper by approval of the Author(s).
2.1.3. To translate the Paper in the case when the Paper is written in a language different from that adopted in the Journal.
2.2. If the Author(s) has(ve) an intent to use the Paper in any other way, e.g., to publish the translated version of the Paper (except for the case defined by Section 2.1.3 of this Agreement), to post the full Paper or any its part on the web, to publish the Paper in any other editions, to include the Paper or any its part in other collections, anthologies, encyclopaedias, etc., the Author(s) should get a written permission from the Publisher.
3. License territory.
The Author(s) grant(s) the Publisher the right to use the Paper as regulated by sections 2.1.1–2.1.3 of this Agreement on the territory of Ukraine and to distribute the Paper as indispensable part of the Journal on the territory of Ukraine and other countries by means of subscription, sales, and free transfer to a third party.
4. Duration.
4.1. This Agreement is valid starting from the date of signature and acts for the entire period of the existence of the Journal.
5. Loyalty.
5.1. The Author(s) warrant(s) the Publisher that:
– he/she is the true author (co-author) of the Paper;
– copyright on the Paper was not transferred to any other party;
– the Paper has never been published before and will not be published in any other media before it is published by the Publisher (see also section 2.2);
– the Author(s) do(es) not violate any intellectual property right of other parties. If the Paper includes some materials of other parties, except for citations whose length is regulated by the scientific, informational, or critical character of the Paper, the use of such materials is in compliance with the regulations of the international law and the law of Ukraine.
6. Requisites and signatures of the Parties.
Publisher: Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
Address: Ukraine, Kyiv, Metrolohichna Str. 14-b.
Author: Electronic signature on behalf and with endorsement of all co-authors.
.png){kind=small}
