The Quantum Features of Correlated Photons with the Effect of Phase Fluctuation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/ujpe68.2.81Keywords:
quantum features, correlated photons, nondegenerate three-level laser, entanglementAbstract
We theoretically investigate the effect of phase fluctuations on correlated photons resulting from nondegenerate three-level atoms under the cavity radiation. The photon statistics, photon number correlation, and entanglement properties of the system have been calculated employing the dynamical equation of the system. It is shown that, for the sub-Poissonian photon statistics, the degree of correlation increases with the atomic pumping rate, and the entanglement varies with phase fluctuations, rather than with the atomic pumping rate. The proposed system is well suitable for the quantum information processing.
References
B. Hensen, H. Bernien, A.E. Dr'eau, A. Reiserer, N. Kalb, M.S. Blok, J. Ruitenberg, R.F. Vermeulen, R.N. Schouten, C. Abell'an et al. Loophole-free bell inequality violation using electron spins separated by 1.3 kilometres. Nature 526, 682 (2015).
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature15759
H.-A. Bachor, T.C. Ralph. A Guide to Experiments in Quantum Optics (John Wiley & Sons, 2019).
https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527695805
F. Priolo, T. Gregorkiewicz, M. Galli, T.F. Krauss. Silicon nanostructures for photonics and photovoltaics. Nature Nanotechnology 9 (1), 19 (2014).
https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2013.271
C. Xiong, C. Monat, M.J. Collins, A.S. Clark, C. Grillet, G.D. Marshall, M. Steel, J. Li, L. O'Faolain, T.F. Krauss et al. Improved car and noise analysis for photon-pair generation in an ultra-compact silicon slow-light photonic crystal waveguide. In: 2011 2nd International Conference on Photonics (2011), pp. 1-5.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICP.2011.6106815
I. Krasnokutska. Photonic Circuits Engineering in Lithium Niobate on Insulator. Ph.D. thesis (RMIT University, 2019).
https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.26.000897
C. Gashu, E. Mosisa, T. Abebe. Entanglement quantification of correlated photons generated by three-level laser with parametric amplifier and coupled to a two-mode vacuum reservoir. Advances in Math. Phys. 2020 (2020).
https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9027480
D. Ayehu, A. Chane. The effect of superposition on the quantum features of the cavity radiation of a three-level laser. Ukr. J. Phys. 66 (9), 761 (2021).
https://doi.org/10.15407/ujpe66.9.761
Y. Guo, L. Yan, W. Pan, B. Luo, K. Wen, Z. Guo, X. Luo. Electromagnetically induced transparency (eit)-like transmission in side-coupled complementary split-ring resonators. Optics Express 20 (22), 24348 (2012).
https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.024348
A. Mysyrowicz, R. Danylo, A. Houard, V. Tikhonchuk, X. Zhang, Z. Fan, Q. Liang, S. Zhuang, L. Yuan, Y. Liu. Lasing without population inversion in n 2+. APL Photonics 4 (11), 110807 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5116898
M. Sahrai, S. Asadpour, R. Sadighi-Bonabi. Optical bistability via quantum interference from incoherent pumping and spontaneous emission. J. Luminescence 131 (11), 2395 (2011).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2011.05.059
F. Dell'Anno, S. De Siena, F. Illuminati, Multiphoton quantum optics and quantum state engineering. Phys. Rep. 428 (2-3), 53 (2006).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2006.01.004
A.G. Kumela, A.B. Gemta, A.K. Hordofa, T.A. Desta, M. Dangish, H.D. Mekonnen. Optoplasmonic biosensor for lung cancer telediagnosis: Design and simulation analysis. Sensors International 4, 100232 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sintl.2023.100232
S. Tesfa. Role of phase fluctuation and dephasing in the enhancing continuous variable entanglement of a two-photon coherent beat laser. Chinese Phys. B 21 (1), 014204 (2012).
https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/21/1/014204
D. Bruß. Characterizing entanglement. J. Math. Phys. 43 (9), 4237 (2002).
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1494474
C. Spengler, M. Huber, S. Brierley, T. Adaktylos, B.C. Hiesmayr. Entanglement detection via mutually unbiased bases. Phys. Rev. A 86 (2), 022311 (2012).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.86.022311
A.G. Kumela, A.B. Gemta, T.A. Desta, A. Kebede. Noble classical and quantum approach to model the optical properties of metallic nanoparticles to enhance the sensitivity of optoplasmonic sensors. RSC advances 12 (25), 16203 (2022).
https://doi.org/10.1039/D2RA00824F
K. Audenaert, M.B. Plenio, J. Eisert. Entanglement cost under positive-partial-transpose-preserving operations. Phys. Revi. Lett. 90 (2), 027901 (2003).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.027901
F. Martinet, M.K. Olsen. Finite size effects and equilibration in bose-hubbard chains with central well dephasing. Europ. Phys. J. D 71, 1 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2016-70663-9
S. Tesfa, S. Tesfa. Quantum features of light. Quantum Optical Processes: From Basics to Applications (2020), p. 293.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62348-7_7
F. Sun, D. Mao, Y. Dai, Z. Ficek, Q. He, Q. Gong. Phase control of entanglement and quantum steering in a three-mode optomechanical system. New J. Phys. 19 (12), 123039 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/aa9c9a
S. Qamar, S. Qamar, M.S. Zubairy. Effect of phase fluctuations on entanglement generation in a correlated emission laser with injected coherence. Optics Commun. 283 (5), 781 (2010).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2009.10.045
J.P. Poizat, M. Collett, D. Walls. Nondegenerate two-mode squeezing and quantum-nondemolition measurements using three-level atoms in a cavity. Physi. Rev. A 45 (7), 5171 (1992).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.45.5171
V. Koverda, V. Skokov. The origin of 1/f fluctuations and scale transformations of time series at nonequilibrium phase transitions. Phys. A: Stat. Mech. Appl. 346 (3-4), 203 (2005).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2004.07.042
M. Alizadeh, G. Shaker, J.C.M. De Almeida, P.P. Morita, S. Safavi-Naeini. Remote monitoring of human vital signs using mm-wave fmcw radar. IEEE Access 7, 54958 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2912956
D. Ayehu. Squeezing and entanglement properties of the cavity light with decoherence in a cascade three-level laser. J. Russian Laser Research 42, 136 (2021).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10946-021-09942-9
M. Anzola, F. Di Maiolo, A. Painelli. Optical spectra of molecular aggregates and crystals: Testing approximation schemes. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 21 (36), 19816 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1039/C9CP03122G
A. Mahmoud, M. Ahmed. Effect of asymmetric intermodal gain suppression on dynamics of multimode semiconductor lasers. Opt. Commun. 462, 125365 (2020).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2020.125365
A. Morillo-Candas, C. Drag, J.-P. Booth, T. Dias, V. Guerra, O. Guaitella. Oxygen atom kinetics in co2 plasmas ignited in a dc glow discharge. Plasma Sources Sci. Techn. 28 (7), 075010 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/ab2b84
S. Tesfa. Role of dephasing in modifying the evolution of the cavity radiation of a coherent beat laser. Phys. Revi. A 79 (3), 033810 (2009).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.79.033810
S. Tesfa. Dependence of the evolution of the cavity radiation of a coherently pumped correlated emission laser on dephasing and phase fluctuation. Phys. Rev. A 83 (2), 023809 (2011).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.83.023809
N. Korolkova, G. Leuchs, R. Loudon, T.C. Ralph, C. Silberhorn. Polarization squeezing and continuousvariable polarization entanglement. Phys. Revi. A 65 (5), 052306 (2002).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.65.052306
M. Servin, J.A. Quiroga, J.L. Marroquin. General ndimensional quadrature transform and its application to interferogram demodulation. JOSA A 20 (5), 925 (2003).
https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.20.000925
Y.-J. Chen, A. Hansen, G.W. Hoth, E. Ivanov, B. Pelle, J. Kitching, E.A. Donley. Single-source multiaxis coldatom interferometer in a centimeter-scale cell. Phys. Rev. Appl. 12 (1), 014019 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.12.014019
A. ur Rahman, H. Ali, S. Haddadi, S. Zangi. Generating non-classical correlations in two-level atoms. Alexandria Engineering J. 67, 425 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2022.12.054
A.K. Armel, Y.D. Germain, T.A. Giresse, T. Martin. The dynamic of quantum entanglement of two dimensional harmonic oscillator in non-commutative space. Phys. Scripta 96 (12), 125731 (2021).
https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ac42a9
A. Neven, J. Carrasco, V. Vitale, C. Kokail, A. Elben, M. Dalmonte, P. Calabrese, P. Zoller, B. Vermersch, R. Kueng et al. Symmetry-resolved entanglement detection using partial transpose moments. npj Quantum Information 7 (1), 152 (2021).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-021-00487-y
D. Miki, N. Matsumoto, A. Matsumura, T. Shichijo, Y. Sugiyama, K. Yamamoto, N. Yamamoto. Generating quantum entanglement between macroscopic objects with continuous measurement and feedback control. Phys. Rev. A 107 (3), 032410 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.107.032410
Y. Yu, F. Ma, X.-Y. Luo, B. Jing, P.-F. Sun, R.-Z. Fang, C.-W. Yang, H. Liu, M.-Y. Zheng, X.-P. Xie et al. Entanglement of two quantum memories via fibres over dozens of kilometres. Nature 578 (7794), 240 (2020).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-1976-7
A. Salmanogli, D. Gokcen, H.S. Gecim. Entanglement sustainability in quantum radar. IEEE J. Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 26 (6), 1 (2020).
https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2020.3020620
Y. Ren, S. Duan, W. Xie, Y. Shao, Z. Duan. Antibunched photon-pair source based on photon blockade in a nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator. Phys. Rev. A 103 (5), 053710 (2021).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.103.053710
T. Abebe, C.G. Feyisa. Dynamics of a nondegenerate three-level laser with parametric amplifier and coupled to a two-mode squeezed vacuum reservoir. Brazilian J. Phys. 50 (5), 495 (2020).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13538-020-00779-2
B. G'abor, D. Nagy, A. Dombi, T. Clark, F. Williams, K. Adwaith, A. Vukics, P. Domokos. Ground-state bistability of cold atoms in a cavity. Phys. Rev. A 107 (2), 023713 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.107.023713
J.R. Cuartas, H. Vinck-Posada. Uncover quantumness in the crossover from coherent to quantum-correlated phases via photon statistics and entanglement in the taviscummings model. Optik 245, 167672 (2021).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2021.167672
T. Abebe, C. Gashu. Generation of entangled light from a nondegenerate three-level laser coupled to a twomode vacuum reservoir. Ukr. J. Phys. 66 (7), 551 (2021).
https://doi.org/10.15407/ujpe66.7.551
D. Safronenkov, N. Borshchevskaya, T. Novikova, K. Katamadze, K. Kuznetsov, G.K. Kitaeva. Measurement of the biphoton second-order correlation function with analog detectors. Optics Express 29 (22), 36644 (2021).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright Agreement
License to Publish the Paper
Kyiv, Ukraine
The corresponding author and the co-authors (hereon referred to as the Author(s)) of the paper being submitted to the Ukrainian Journal of Physics (hereon referred to as the Paper) from one side and the Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, represented by its Director (hereon referred to as the Publisher) from the other side have come to the following Agreement:
1. Subject of the Agreement.
The Author(s) grant(s) the Publisher the free non-exclusive right to use the Paper (of scientific, technical, or any other content) according to the terms and conditions defined by this Agreement.
2. The ways of using the Paper.
2.1. The Author(s) grant(s) the Publisher the right to use the Paper as follows.
2.1.1. To publish the Paper in the Ukrainian Journal of Physics (hereon referred to as the Journal) in original language and translated into English (the copy of the Paper approved by the Author(s) and the Publisher and accepted for publication is a constitutive part of this License Agreement).
2.1.2. To edit, adapt, and correct the Paper by approval of the Author(s).
2.1.3. To translate the Paper in the case when the Paper is written in a language different from that adopted in the Journal.
2.2. If the Author(s) has(ve) an intent to use the Paper in any other way, e.g., to publish the translated version of the Paper (except for the case defined by Section 2.1.3 of this Agreement), to post the full Paper or any its part on the web, to publish the Paper in any other editions, to include the Paper or any its part in other collections, anthologies, encyclopaedias, etc., the Author(s) should get a written permission from the Publisher.
3. License territory.
The Author(s) grant(s) the Publisher the right to use the Paper as regulated by sections 2.1.1–2.1.3 of this Agreement on the territory of Ukraine and to distribute the Paper as indispensable part of the Journal on the territory of Ukraine and other countries by means of subscription, sales, and free transfer to a third party.
4. Duration.
4.1. This Agreement is valid starting from the date of signature and acts for the entire period of the existence of the Journal.
5. Loyalty.
5.1. The Author(s) warrant(s) the Publisher that:
– he/she is the true author (co-author) of the Paper;
– copyright on the Paper was not transferred to any other party;
– the Paper has never been published before and will not be published in any other media before it is published by the Publisher (see also section 2.2);
– the Author(s) do(es) not violate any intellectual property right of other parties. If the Paper includes some materials of other parties, except for citations whose length is regulated by the scientific, informational, or critical character of the Paper, the use of such materials is in compliance with the regulations of the international law and the law of Ukraine.
6. Requisites and signatures of the Parties.
Publisher: Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
Address: Ukraine, Kyiv, Metrolohichna Str. 14-b.
Author: Electronic signature on behalf and with endorsement of all co-authors.
.png){kind=small}
