Вплив поляризації межі поділу на взаємодію зарядів у двошарових системах

Автор(и)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15407/ujpe71.10.793

Ключові слова:

двошаровi структури, дiелектрична невiдповiднiсть, взаємодiя зарядiв, поляризацiйнi сили, некулонiвська залежнiсть

Анотація

Проаналізовано вплив плоскої межі поділу між двома напівнескінченними діелектрично різними ізоляторами на взаємодію між двома точковими зарядами, розташованими поблизу неї. Показано, що їхня взаємодія суттєво змінюється поляризаційними зарядами, індукованими на межі поділу. Зокрема, якщо заряди розташовані в одному й тому ж середовищі, то залежність енергії їхньої взаємодії W від відстані D між зарядами відрізняється від кулонівської. Водночас якщо заряди розташовані в різних середовищах, закон взаємодії залишається кулонівським, але з ефективним значенням діелектричної сталої. Відхилення від кулонівської взаємодії були розраховані кількісно й досліджені аналітично. Представлено карти W(Rs, Rp), що описують профілі W в залежності від координат зарядів Rs і Rp. Отримано апроксимації W(D) і проаналізовано їхню обґрунтованість. Зроблено висновок, що в шаруватих структурах поправки на поляризацію завжди слід враховувати під час вивчення різних властивостей заряджених об'єктів, наприклад, електронів і дірок, що утворюють екситони Ваньє-Мотта.

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2026-10-02

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