Ionization of Atoms in a Strong Laser Radiation Field and the Imaginary Time Method
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/ujpe59.02.0116Keywords:
relativistic tunnel and multiphonon ionization, imaginary time method, Keldysh parameterAbstract
The phenomenon of nonlinear relativistic ionization induced by a strong electromagnetic wave has been considered. The relativistic version of the imaginary time method is used to calculate the probability for an electron with an energy of the order of its rest energy to tunnel through a potential barrier under the action of a strong electromagnetic wave. Besides the exponential factor, the Coulomb and pre-exponential ones are also obtained with regard for the electron spin and the ionization probability. Simple analytical formulas for the momentum distributions of relativistic photo-electrons are derived. The relativistic effects are shown to result in a nonzero drift velocity of an electron, when it quits the barrier. In the nonrelativistic limit, the well-known Keldysh exponent and the Landau–Lifshitz formula for the ionization probability of a hydrogen atom in the ground state are obtained.
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