Study of Melting Temperature Behavior of Polymer Nanocomposites Using Fuzzy Logic-Based Approach of Artificial Intelligence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/ujpe71.9.745Keywords:
polylactic acid, polymer nanocomposites, carbon nanotubes, melting temperature, artificial intelligence, fuzzy logic models, property predictionAbstract
This work presents a fuzzy logic-based artificial intelligence approach for predicting the melting temperature of polymer nanocomposites based on polylactic acid and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). A Mamdani-type fuzzy inference model was developed using the degree of crystallinity, carbon nanotube concentration, and nanotube diameter as input parameters. The constructed model reproduced nonlinear relationships between the structural characteristics and the thermal behavior of the nanocomposites and demonstrated good agreement with experimental calorimetric data. The resulting response surfaces revealed the existence of an optimal CNT concentration range associated with the maximum nucleating effect of the nanotubes. The predictive capability of the model was confirmed by an adjusted coefficient of determination R2 = 0.86, indicating the applicability of fuzzy logic methods for intelligent modeling of polymer nanocomposite systems.
References
1. M. Mubasshira, M.M. Rahman, M.N. Uddin, M. Rhaman, S. Roy, M.S. Sarker. Next-generation smart carbon-polymer nanocomposites: Advances in sensing and actuation technologies. Processes 13 (9), 2991 (2025).
https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092991
2. E.A. Lysenkov, I. Melnyk, L. Bulavin, V. Klepko, N. Lebovka. Structure of polyglycols doped by nanoparticles with anisotropic shape. In: Physics of Liquid Matter: Modern Problems. Edited by L. Bulavin, N. Lebovka. Phys. Liq. Matter: Modern Problems. Springer Proceedings in Phys. 171, Springer, 69 (2015).
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20875-6_7
3. Y.-J. Yim, Y.-H. Yoon, S.-H. Kim, J.-H. Lee, D.-C. Chung, B.-J. Kim. Carbon nanotube/polymer composites for functional applications. Polymers 17 (1), 119 (2025).
https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17010119
4. B.M. Campos, J.-B. Jouenne, S. Begrem, P. Jouannot-Chesney, R. Mosrati, J. Br'eard. Bio-based and biodegradable polymers for composites: Sustainability, challenges, and future perspectives. J. Environmental Chem. Engin. 13 (6), 119306 (2025).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2025.119306
5. M.S. Islam, G.M.F. Elahee, Y. Fang, X. Yu, R.C. Advincula, C. Cao. Polylactic acid (PLA)-based multifunctional and biodegradable nanocomposites and their applications. Composites Part B: Engin. 112842, (2025).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112842
6. E.A. Lysenkov, I.P. Lysenkova. Microstructure and features of thermal behavior of polymer composites based on polylactic acid and carbon nanotubes. Composit. Theor. Pract. 2025 (2), 123 (2025).
https://doi.org/10.62753/ctp.2025.03.2.2
7. I.M. Kastiawan et al. Effect of melt temperature and holding time on mechanical properties of polypropylene composites bottom ash reinforced. IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 988, 012117 (2020).
https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/988/1/012117
8. A. Gaspar-Cunha, J. Covas, J. Sikora. Optimization of polymer processing: ArReview (Part II-molding technologies). Materials 15 (3), 1138 (2022).
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031138
9. E.A. Lysenkov, V.L. Demchenko, M.M. Lazarenko. Structure-properties relationship in polymer nanocomposites based on polylactic acid and carbon nanotubes. Funct. Mater. 32 (3), 397 (2025).
https://doi.org/10.15407/fm32.03.397
10. B.M. Bharti, N. Sinha. Mechanical and thermal characterization of additively manufactured CNT/PLA nanocomposites. In: 2023 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Nanotechnology (NANO), Jeju City, Republic of Korea (2023), p. 833.
https://doi.org/10.1109/NANO58406.2023.10231209
11. E.A. Lysenkov, O.V. Striutskyi, V.L. Demchenko, M.M. Lazarenko. The effect of ultra-low concentrations of aramid nanofibers on the structural and thermal characteristics of polylactic acid-based nanocomposites. J. Composite Mater., 00219983251399800 (2025).
https://doi.org/10.1177/00219983251399800
12. K.P. Logakannan et al. A review of artificial intelligence (AI)-based applications to nanocomposites. Composites Part A: Appl. Sci. Manufact. 197, 109027 (2025).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109027
13. T. Long, Q. Pang, Y. Deng, X. Pang, Y. Zhang, R. Yang, C. Zhou. Recent progress of artificial intelligence application in polymer materials. Polymers 17 (12), 1667 (2025).
https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17121667
14. Z. Shahroodi et al. Data-driven prediction of mechanical properties in recycled fibre-reinforced polymer composites: Integrating machine learning with material-processing feature importance analysis. J. Mater. Res. Techn. 41, 687 (2026).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.062
15. M. Karuppusamy, R. Thirumalaisamy, S. Palanisamy, S. Nagamalai, E.E.S. Massoud, N. Ayrilmis. A review of machine learning applications in polymer composites: advancements, challenges, and future prospects. J. Mater. Chem. A 13, 16290 (2025).
https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TA00982K
16. V.G. Kamble. A multiscale review of magnetic permeability in polymer composites: Theory, simulation, and machine learning frontiers. Next Mater. 10, 101450 (2026).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.101450
17. M.A. Ouali et al. Lattice constant prediction of ABX3 and A2BBX6 perovskites using autoregressive type 3 fuzzy model optimized by extended Kalman filter. Comput. Mater. Sci. 262, 114397 (2026).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2025.114397
18. S. Solanki et al. Accurate data prediction by fuzzy inference model for adsorption of hazardous azo dyes by novel algal doped magnetic chitosan bionanocomposite. Environm. Res. 214 (Part 2), 113844 (2022).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.113844
19. O.V. Kozlov. Information technology for designing rule bases of fuzzy systems using ant colony optimization. Intern. J. Comput. 20 (4), 471 (2021).
https://doi.org/10.47839/ijc.20.4.2434
20. O.V. Kozlov, Y.P. Kondratenko, O.S. Skakodub. Information technology for parametric optimization of fuzzy systems based on hybrid grey wolf algorithms. SN Computer Sci. 3 (6), 463 (2022).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-022-01333-4
21. O. Skakodub, O. Kozlov, Y. Kondratenko. Optimization of linguistic terms' shapes and parameters: fuzzy control system of a quadrotor drone. In: 11th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications (2021), p. 566.
https://doi.org/10.1109/IDAACS53288.2021.9660926
22. K. Pujaru et al. A Mamdani fuzzy inference system with trapezoidal membership functions for investigating fishery production. Decis. Analyt. J. 11, 100481 (2024).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dajour.2024.100481
23. T. Ceregatti, P. Pecharki, W.M. Pachekoski, D. Becker, C. Dalmolin. Electrical and thermal properties of PLA/CNT composite films. Mat'eria (Rio J.) 22 (3), (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1590/s1517-707620170003.0197
24. C.M. Cobos, L. Garz'oin, J. L'opez Martinez, O. Fenollar, S. Ferrandiz. Study of thermal and rheological properties of PLA loaded with carbon and halloysite nanotubes for additive manufacturing. Rapid Prototyp. J. 25 (4), 738 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1108/RPJ-11-2018-0289
25. F.U. da Silva, C.B.B. Luna, F.S. da Silva, J.V.M. Barreto, D.P. Schmitz, B.G. Soares, R.M.R. Wellen, E.M. Ara'ujo. Exploring the effect of annealing on PLA/carbon nanotube nanocomposites: In search of efficient PLA/MWCNT nanocomposites for electromagnetic shielding. Polymers 17, 246 (2025).
https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17020246
26. L. Yang, S. Li, X. Zhou, J. Liu, Y. Li, M. Yang, Q. Yuan, W. Zhang. Effects of carbon nanotube on the thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of PLA/CNT printed parts in the FDM process. Synthetic Metals 253, 122 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2019.05.008
27. L. Pan, Q. Lv, N. Xu. Properties and mechanism of antistatic biodegradable polylactic acid/multi-walled carbon nanotube composites. J. Eng. Fibers Fabrics 15, 1 (2020).
https://doi.org/10.1177/1558925020968813
28. T. Vu, P. Nikaeen, W. Chirdon, A. Khattab, D. Depan. Improved weathering performance of poly(lactic acid) through carbon nanotubes addition: Thermal, microstructural, and nanomechanical analyses. Biomimetics 5 (4), 61 (2020).
https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics5040061
29. S.H. Park, S.G. Lee, S.H. Kim. Isothermal crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of polylactide/carbon nanotube nanocomposites. Composites Part A: Appl. Sci. Manufacturing 46, 11 (2013).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2012.10.011
30. J. Chen, B. Liu, X. Gao, D. Xu. A review of the interfacial characteristics of polymer nanocomposites containing carbon nanotubes. RSC Advances 8, 28048 (2018).
https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA04205E
31. S. Barrau, C. Vanmansart, M. Moreau, A. Addad, G. Stoclet, J.-M. Lefebvre, R. Seguela. Crystallization behavior of carbon nanotube - polylactide nanocomposites. Macromolecules 44 (16), 6496 (2011).
https://doi.org/10.1021/ma200842n
32. F. De Santis, R. Pantani, G. Titomanlio. Nucleation and crystallization kinetics of poly(lactic acid). Thermochim. Acta 522 (1-2), 128 (2011).
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright Agreement
License to Publish the Paper
Kyiv, Ukraine
The corresponding author and the co-authors (hereon referred to as the Author(s)) of the paper being submitted to the Ukrainian Journal of Physics (hereon referred to as the Paper) from one side and the Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, represented by its Director (hereon referred to as the Publisher) from the other side have come to the following Agreement:
1. Subject of the Agreement.
The Author(s) grant(s) the Publisher the free non-exclusive right to use the Paper (of scientific, technical, or any other content) according to the terms and conditions defined by this Agreement.
2. The ways of using the Paper.
2.1. The Author(s) grant(s) the Publisher the right to use the Paper as follows.
2.1.1. To publish the Paper in the Ukrainian Journal of Physics (hereon referred to as the Journal) in original language and translated into English (the copy of the Paper approved by the Author(s) and the Publisher and accepted for publication is a constitutive part of this License Agreement).
2.1.2. To edit, adapt, and correct the Paper by approval of the Author(s).
2.1.3. To translate the Paper in the case when the Paper is written in a language different from that adopted in the Journal.
2.2. If the Author(s) has(ve) an intent to use the Paper in any other way, e.g., to publish the translated version of the Paper (except for the case defined by Section 2.1.3 of this Agreement), to post the full Paper or any its part on the web, to publish the Paper in any other editions, to include the Paper or any its part in other collections, anthologies, encyclopaedias, etc., the Author(s) should get a written permission from the Publisher.
3. License territory.
The Author(s) grant(s) the Publisher the right to use the Paper as regulated by sections 2.1.1–2.1.3 of this Agreement on the territory of Ukraine and to distribute the Paper as indispensable part of the Journal on the territory of Ukraine and other countries by means of subscription, sales, and free transfer to a third party.
4. Duration.
4.1. This Agreement is valid starting from the date of signature and acts for the entire period of the existence of the Journal.
5. Loyalty.
5.1. The Author(s) warrant(s) the Publisher that:
– he/she is the true author (co-author) of the Paper;
– copyright on the Paper was not transferred to any other party;
– the Paper has never been published before and will not be published in any other media before it is published by the Publisher (see also section 2.2);
– the Author(s) do(es) not violate any intellectual property right of other parties. If the Paper includes some materials of other parties, except for citations whose length is regulated by the scientific, informational, or critical character of the Paper, the use of such materials is in compliance with the regulations of the international law and the law of Ukraine.
6. Requisites and signatures of the Parties.
Publisher: Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
Address: Ukraine, Kyiv, Metrolohichna Str. 14-b.
Author: Electronic signature on behalf and with endorsement of all co-authors.
.png){kind=small}
